Electricity is the cornerstone of modern society, powering everything from hospitals and schools to communication systems and emergency services. Yet for island states, the promise of consistent, resilient electricity remains elusive. Not only are these regions facing economic constraints and fuel shortages, but they are also increasingly susceptible to hydrometeorological hazards such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts—events that are projected to increase and intensify due to climate change. Such events often lead to catastrophic failures in island states already fragile grid-based electricity distribution systems. The impact of these vulnerabilities cascades into various sectors, exacerbating energy insecurity and hindering sustainable development.

This study highlights the transformative potential of renewable technologies for island states. The research emphasizes that decentralized energy systems, such as solar, wind, and bioenergy, can significantly improve the energy security of these regions. By harnessing locally available renewable resources, island states can create a more reliable and sustainable energy supply, less susceptible to external factors.